Table 3.

Summary table of issues related to effectiveness of interventions aimed at smoking cessation

		Stage based versus non-stage based intervention			Stage based versus no intervention
Study details	No	Mainly significant*	Mixed outcome†	No significant difference	Mainly significant*	Mixed outcome†	No significant difference
Quality of studies (No of items addressed):
≤4	5	0	0	2	1	0	2
5-8	14	1	1	5	4	2	4
>8	4	0	1	1	2	0	0
No of participants:
≤100	4	0	1	1	1	0	2
101-500	8	0	0	3	2	1	2
501-1000	4	0	1	1	2	0	1
>1000	7	1	0	3	2	1	1
Year of publication:
Before 1996	5	1	1	1	2	0	1
1996-98	4	0	0	3	1	0	0
1999-2000	5	0	1	2	0	0	3
2001 or later	9	0	0	2	4	2	2
Setting:
Community	9	1	0	4	3	1	1
Clinic	13	0	2	3	4	1	5
School	1	0	0	1	0	0	0
Mean age (years):
≤30	5	0	0	2	0	1	2
31-40	7	1	0	2	3	1	0
41-50	5	0	2	2	2	0	1
>50	3	0	0	0	2	0	1
Respondents:
Patients	2	0	0	0	1	0	1
People on low income	4	0	0	3	0	0	1
Students	1	0	0	1	0	0	0
Pregnant women	2	0	0	0	0	1	1
Volunteers	14	1	2	4	6	1	3
Sex:
>60% female	9	1	1	3	1	1	3
>60% male	5	0	1	1	3	0	1
Self report measures:
Only self report	16	1	2	6	5	1	3
Self report with verification	7	0	0	2	2	1	3

^*Mainly significant outcomes in favour of stage based intervention.

^†Either one stage based intervention showed significant effects and another stage based intervention did not; some behavioural outcomes showed significant effects in favour of stage based intervention and others did not; or analyses were not conclusive.