Sodium azide does not activate KATP channels in the absence of Mg2+ ions. Single channel currents recorded from an inside-out membrane patch exposed to symmetrical 140 KCl at a membrane potential of +40 mV. Single channel openings are denoted by upward deflections. Sodium azide (3 mM) inhibited, rather than activated KATP channels in patches bathed in 0.1 mM ATP and this was partially reversed on washout of azide. The Nf.Po values obtained in control conditions (a), in the presence of 0.1 mM ATP (b), in the combined presence of 0.1 mM ATP and sodium azide (3 mM; c), washout of azide (d) and washout of 0.1 mM ATP (e) were 2.25, 0.025, 0.024, 0.032 and 0.27, respectively.