Table 2.
Eumetazoan cell-adhesion machinery in the sponge O. carmela
| Adhesion genes homologs† | Phylogenetic distribution of cell adhesion gene families* |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilateria |
Fungi |
Amb |
|||||||
| Hs | Mm | Gg | Sp | Dm | Ce | Sp | Sc | Dd | |
| Cell-contact and -adhesion proteins | |||||||||
| Contactin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| β-integrin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| α-integrin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| ADAM | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Protocadherin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Fat | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| NCAM | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Selectin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Tetraspanin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Plexin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Heparanase | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Neurexin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Crumbs | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| ECM molecules | |||||||||
| Agrin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Cthrc | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Col11a2 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Col4 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Fibulin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Fras1 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| α-laminin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| β-laminin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Netrin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Perlecan | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Tenascin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Thrombospondin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Spondin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Fibrillin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| 40S ribosomal protein SA | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Nardilysin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Adhesion-related cytoskeletal linkers | |||||||||
| Ankyrin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| α-actinin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
| Paxillin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ● | ● |
| β-catenin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ● | ● |
| p130cas | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Rho1 GTPase | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Spectrin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Talin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ● |
| Vinculin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Fascin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| Filamin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ● |
| Parvin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
| LASP-1 | ● | ● | ● | ○ | ● | ● | ○ | ○ | ○ |
LASP-1, LIM and SH3 domain protein 1; ADAM, a disintegrin and metalloprotease; Fat, Fat protocadherin tumor suppressor; NCAM, neural cell adhesion molecule; ECM, extracellular matrix; Cthrc, collagen triple helix repeat containing; Col11a2, procollagen, type XI, α 2; Col4, Type IV collagen; Fras1, Fraser Syndrome 1; Amb, Amoebozoa; Hs, H. sapiens; Cf, C. familiaris; Mm, M. musculus; Gg, G. gallus; Sp, S. purpuratus; Dm, D. melanogaster; Ce, C. elegans; Sp, Sc. pombe; Sc, Sa. cerevisiae; Dd, D. discoideum.
*Filled circles (●) indicate the presence of gene homologs, not necessarily orthologs, in select taxa. Open circles (○) indicate their absence.
†See supporting information for a full gene list and supplemental data.