The relationship between proportion of habitat converted, the time to complete restoration and the discounted benefits of undertaking restoration. The solid line illustrates the hypothetical restoration time, which increases as more land has to be recovered (time is on the right-hand y-axis). The two broken lines illustrate the discounted value of undertaking restoration, assuming the system is returned to its completely unconverted state. Solid circles, discount rate of 2%; open circles, discount rate of 5%.