Table 3.

Plasma glucose and insulin levels following a test meal, and insulin secretion index (HOMA-B), at study baseline and changes after 24 weeks of treatment of patients with Type 2 diabetes

	Nateglinide + metformin	Gliclazide + metformin	Treatment difference
Maximum postprandial plasma glucose (mmol/l)	n = 113	n = 107
Baseline, mean ± sd	15.19 ± 3.37	13.89 ± 3.08
Least squares mean change ± SE	−1.50 ± 0.28	−1.05 ± 0.30	−0.45 ± 0.37
P-value	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.220
Maximum postprandial plasma glucose excursion (mmol/l)	n = 109	n = 104
Baseline, mean ± sd	6.21 ± 3.12	5.39 ± 2.36
Least squares mean change ± se	−0.71 ± 0.22	−0.10 ± 0.23	−0.61 (0.29)
P-value	0.001	0.663	0.037
30-min postprandial insulin (pmol/l)	n = 111	n = 107
Baseline, mean ± sd	156.0 ± 118.6	156.8 ± 120.7
Least squares mean change ± se	98.9 ± 12.1	32.5 ± 12.56	66.4 ± 15.7
P-value	< 0.001	0.010	< 0.001
2-h postprandial insulin (pmol/l)	n = 112	n = 100
Baseline, mean ± sd	218.2 ± 163.6	222.6 ± 182.9
Least squares mean change ± se	83.9 ± 16.6	39.6 ± 17.8	44.3 ± 22.2
P-value	< 0.001	0.028	0.047
2-h postprandial insulin excursion (pmol/l)	n = 107	n = 97
Baseline, mean ± sd	152.2 ± 142.2	150.2 ± 166.4
Least squares mean change ± se	75.5 ± 16.0	30.2 ± 16.6	45.3 ± 21.1
P-value	< 0.001	0.071	0.033
HOMA-B
Baseline, mean ± sd	44.6 ± 48.7	56.3 ± 68.2
Least squares mean change ± se	11.3 ± 5.3	17.3 ± 5.3	− 5.9 ± 6.9
P-value	0.033	0.001	0.387

P-values are within-group for changes from baseline and between-groups for treatment difference.