Table 10.

Age-adjusted hazard rate ratios (HRRs) of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, by the life course workforce participation (LCWFP) score in men and women at ages 10–15, 30–35, and 40–45. A total population investigation from Scania, Sweden.

	Cardiovascular mortality*				All-cause mortality
	Men		Women		Men		Women
	Age-adjusted		Age-adjusted		Age-adjusted		Age-adjusted
	HRR†	95% CI†	HRR†	95% CI†	HRR†	95% CI†	HRR†	95% CI†
Life course workforce participation (LCWFP) score‡
0§	1.0		1.0		1.0		1.0
1	1.9	1.6, 2.4	1.3	1.0, 1.8	2.0	1.7, 2.3	1.2	1.03, 1.4
2	4.0	2.7, 5.7	3.2	2.2, 4.8	5.0	4.0, 6.2	2.4	1.9, 2.9
3	8.7	3.2, 23.2	4.1	1.01, 16.4	8.2	4.3, 15.9	4.1	2.1, 7.9
p for trend	< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001		< 0.001

* Cardiovascular mortality includes the following diagnoses; ICD 8: 390–459, ICD 9: 390–459 and ICD 10: I00-I99.

† HRR, odds ratio; CI, Confidence interval.

‡ The life course workforce participation (LCWFP) score ranges from 0 to 3, and is a combination of childhood workforce participation at age 10–15 (i.e., the head of the household's workforce participation) and the subject's workforce participation at age 30–35 and 40–45. Those inside the workforce were given 0 points and those outside the workforce were given 1 point. Those inside the workforce at all three periods in time were used as the reference group.

§ Reference category.