Table 5.
SEM-derived adjusted relative level of exposure to parent phthalates (95% CI), by intensiveness of DEHP-containing product use, sex, and institution.
| DEHP | DBP and BzBP combined | |
|---|---|---|
| Intensiveness of DEHP-containing product use | ||
| Low | 1.0 (Referent)a | 1.0 ( Referent)d |
| Medium | 4.7 (1.5–15)a | 2.5 (0.9–7.4)d |
| High | 14 (3.9–50)a | 1.8 (0.6–6.2)d |
| Infant’s sex | ||
| Female | 1.0 ( Referent)b | 1.0 ( Referent)e |
| Male | 0.8 (0.3–2.1)b | 0.6 (0.3–1.4)e |
| Institution | ||
| A | 1.0 ( Referent)c | 1.0 ( Referent)f |
| B | 2.8 (1.1–7.3)c | 0.8 (0.3–1.9)f |
All comparisons were adjusted for the variables listed. The adjusted relative DEHP and DBP/BzBP exposures are expressed in the scales of urinary MEHHP and MBP concentrations, respectively. For example, after adjusting for sex and institution, exposure to DEHP among infants in the high product use group was about 14 times that among infants in the low product use group, using MEHHP concentrations as the scale. These results may be expressed in units of the other compounds by using the scales shown in Table 6; use of different scales does not alter the statistical significance of the results.
Results correspond to arrow [a] in Figure 1.
Results correspond to arrow [b] in Figure 1.
Results correspond to arrow [c] in Figure 1.
Results correspond to arrow [d] in Figure 1.
Results correspond to arrow [e] in Figure 1.
Results correspond to arrow [f] in Figure 1.