Table 1.
Baseline (week 0) characteristics of study participants
| BMI | Greater than 30 (Obese) | 25 – 29 (Overweight) | ||
| Treatment | Placebo (n = 30) | Formulation/no diet (n = 31) | Formulation/Diet (n = 31) | Formulation/no diet (n = 31) |
| Demographic Characteristics (no.) | ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 14 | 15 | 14 | 15 |
| Female | 16 | 16 | 17 | 16 |
| Age (years)* | 39.9 (9.6) | 41.0 (9.4) | 40.9 (9.8) | 39.7 (9.9) |
| Race or ethnic group | ||||
| West African | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Family History of Diabetes | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| History of Gestational Diabetes | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| Anthropomorphic Characteristics*1 | ||||
| Weight (kg) | 95.6 (14.3) | 95.8 (8.0) | 95.3 (9.1) | 76.3 (7.9) |
| Fat (%) | 41.8 (5.2) | 46.5 (5.8) | 48.1 (3.0) | 35.8 (5.2) |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 38.4 (1.6) | 37.7 (1.5) | 37.5 (1.0) | 27.3 (0.7) |
| Waist Circumference (cm) | 103.4 (8.1) | 98.6 (4.6) | 97.8 (5.7) | 86.9 (3.2) |
| Serological Characteristics*2 | ||||
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 160.8 (18.0) | 159.1 (30.7) | 171.0 (24.4) | 152.6 (26.9) |
| LDL Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 103.5 (14.9) | 99.8 (11.7) | 116.6 (15.4) | 101.6 (17.0) |
| HDL Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 32.7 (7.5) | 36.6 (8.0) | 38.6 (7.1) | 44.4 (9.8) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 142.5 (31.8) | 156.0 (25.3) | 144.9 (30.0) | 117.4 (25.3) |
| C-Reactive Protein (mg/dl) | 8.0 (1.1) | 8.0 (1.0) | 8.1 (0.7) | 7.8 (0.8) |
| Fasting Blood Glucose (mg/dl) | 101.6 (11.9) | 101.2 (15.9) | 102.4 (9.8) | 93.3 (12.4) |
* These data are shown as means with standard deviations in parentheses
1 Primary outcome measures
2 Secondary outcome measures