Table 1.

Literature overview of cytokine levels in blister fluid measured by ELISA. Data are medians or otherwise means (indicated by ^m). ND: not determined.

Disease	Refs	Extremity	IL-1β	IL-6	IL-8	TNF-α	IL-4	IL-10
			(pg/mL)	(pg/mL)	(pg/mL)	(pg/mL)	(pg/mL)	(pg/mL)
Complex regional	9,10	involved	≤ 2	54	—	31	—	—
pain syndrome		noninvolved	≤ 2	6	—	8	—	—
Psoriasis	33,34	involved	122	1683	—	145	—	—
		noninvolved	≤ 3	121	—	9	—	—
Psoriasis	35	involved	—	870	—	195	—	—
		noninvolved	—	423	—	84	—	—
Epidermal	36	involved	—	66	10	—	—	33
necrolysis		noninvolved	—	ND	ND	—	—	ND
Bullous	21,37	involved	73m	245m	—	—	9	54
pemphigus		noninvolved	2m	16m	—	—	≤ 4	≤ 5
Bullous	38	involved	—	—	—	—	—	73
pemphigus		noninvolved	—	—	—	—	—	ND
Pemphigus	39	involved	—	—	—	—	—	186m
vulgaris		noninvolved	—	—	—	—	—	ND