Table 1.
Anatomical abbreviations
| App. hyoid. | hyoid apparatus |
| Arc. cart. cric. | arc of cricoid cartilage |
| Art. cricthyr. | cricothyroid articulation |
| Art. thyrhyo. | thyrohyoid articulation |
| Basihyo. | Basihyoideum |
| Burs. pal. phar. | palatinal pouch of pharynx |
| Burs. tymp. phar. | tympanic pouch of pharynx |
| C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 | cervical vertebrae 1–5 |
| Cart. aryt. (sin.) | (left) arytenoid cartilage |
| Cart. cric. | cricoid cartilage |
| Cart. thyr. | thyroid cartilage |
| Cart. thyrhyo. | thyrohyoid cartilage (rod-like cartilaginous elongation of thyrohyoideum) |
| Cav. infrglott. | infraglottic cavity |
| Cav. nasi | nasal cavity |
| Cav. oris | oral cavity |
| Cerathyo. | Ceratohyoideum |
| Choan. | choanae |
| Conch. nas. ventr. | ventral nasal concha |
| conn. tiss. | connective tissue |
| Cont. gl. par. | contour of parotid gland |
| Cont. ling. | contour of the tongue |
| Cont. Mm. constr. phar. | contour of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles |
| Corn. caud. | caudal horn of thyroid cartilage |
| Corn. rostr. | rostral horn of thyroid cartilage |
| Epigl. | epiglottis |
| Epihyo. | Epihyoideum |
| ethm. gap | ethmoidal gap |
| Fasc. cerv., lam. supf. | superficial layer of neck fascia |
| fibrelast. pad | fibroelastic pad of vocal fold |
| FEP | fibroelastic pad of vocal fold |
| Front. | Frontal |
| Gll. bucc. | buccal salivary glands |
| Gl. mand. | mandibular gland |
| Gl. par. | parotid gland |
| Gl. thyr. | thyroid gland |
| Gl. zyg. | zygomatic gland |
| I:M. omoh. | insertion of omohyoid muscle |
| I:M. sternoh. | insertion of sternohyoid muscle |
| I:M. ventric. | insertion of ventricularis muscle |
| Incis. | Incisive (Premaxillary) |
| Lacr. | Lacrimal |
| Lam. cart. cric. | lamina of cricoid cartilage |
| Lam. cart. thyr. | lamina of thyroid cartilage |
| Lig. arycorn. | arycorniculate ligament |
| Lig. nuch. | nuchal ligament |
| Ling. | tongue |
| LLV (dex.) | (right) lateral laryngeal ventricle |
| Mand. | Mandibula (Dentary) |
| Max. | Maxilla (Maxillary) |
| M. cleidceph., p. mast. | mastoid portion of cleidocephalic muscle |
| M. cleidceph., p. occ. | occipital portion of cleidocephalic muscle |
| Mm. constr. phar. caud. | caudal constrictor muscles of the pharynx |
| M. cricaryt. dors. | dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle |
| M. cricaryt. lat. | lateral cricoarytenoid muscle |
| M. cutan. fac. | cutaneous muscle of the head |
| M. depr. lab. inf. | depressor muscle of the lower lip |
| M. digastr. | digastric muscle |
| M. lev. nasol. | nasolabial levator muscle |
| M. mal., p. caud. | caudal portion of malaris muscle |
| M. mal., p. lacr. | lacrimal portion of malaris muscle |
| M. mass. | masseter muscle |
| M. myloh. | mylohyoid muscle |
| M. omoh. | omohyoid muscle |
| M. parotaur. | parotidoauricularis muscle |
| M. retr. ang. oc. lat. | retractor muscle of lateral eye angle |
| M. sternman. | sternomandibular muscle (M. sterno cephalicus, pars mandibularis) |
| M. sternman., p. dors. | dorsal portion of double-bellied sternomandibular muscle |
| M. sternman., p. ventr. | ventral portion of double-bellied sternomandibular muscle |
| M. sternoh. | sternohyoid muscle |
| M. sternthyr. | sternothyroid muscle |
| M. temp. | temporalis muscle |
| M. thyrhyo. | thyrohyoid muscle |
| M. ventric. | ventricularis muscle |
| M. voc. | vocalis muscle |
| M. zyg. | zygomatic muscle |
| M. zygaur. | zygomaticoauricularis muscle |
| Nar. dex. | right nostril |
| Nas. | Nasal |
| Nl. mand. | mandibular lymph node |
| O: M. cricaryt. dors. | origin of dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle |
| O: M. cricthyr. | origin of cricothyroid muscle |
| Occip. | Occipital |
| Oesoph. | oesophagus |
| Pal. | Palatine |
| Palat. dur. | hard palate |
| Pariet. | Parietal |
| Plic. aryepigl. | aryepiglottic fold |
| Plic. voc. (dex.) | (right) vocal fold |
| poorb. fat pad | postorbital fat pad |
| Por. ac. ext. | opening of osseous part of external acoustic meatus |
| PPP | palatinal pharyngeal pouch |
| Proc. corn. | corniculate process of arytenoid cartilage |
| Proc. cuneif. | cuneiform process of epiglottis |
| Proc. musc. | muscular process of arytenoid cartilage |
| Proc. parac. | paracondylar process |
| Proc. voc. | vocal process of arytenoid cartilage |
| Prom. lar. | ventral prominence of thyroid cartilage |
| Rad. ling. | root of the tongue |
| Rec. lar. med. caud. | caudal median laryngeal recess |
| Rec. lar. med. rostr. | rostral median laryngeal recess |
| res. cush. | resilient cushion of connective tissue |
| rostr. bulge | rostral bulge of thyroid cartilage |
| Stylhyo. | stylohyoideum |
| Temp. | Temporal |
| Thyrhyo. | Thyrohyoideum |
| tip proc. corn. | dorsal tip of corniculate process of arytenoid cartilage |
| TPP (dex.) | (right) tympanic pharyngeal pouch |
| Trach. | trachea |
| Tymphyo. | Tympanohyoideum |
| V. jug. ext. | external jugular vein |
| ventr. bulge | rostroventral bulge of thyroid keel |
| ventr. keel | ventral keel of thyroid cartilage |
| Ventr. lar. lat. | lateral laryngeal ventricle |
| Vest. lar. | laryngeal vestibule |
| VTL | vocal tract length |
| Zyg. | Zygomatic |