Fig. 4.

Comparisons of preoperative ISS vs. unaffected at Age A, shown on MRI reconstructions of a preoperative ISS patient. The top row represents a superior view of the cortical surface (A), a transverse slice displaying subcortical structures (B) and the left lateral view of the 3D surface with a model of subcortical structures ghosted beneath (C). The bottom row represents a midsagittal slice (D), a right lateral view of the 3D reconstruction of the cortical surface (E) and a left lateral view of the 3D reconstruction of the cortical surface (F). White dots represent landmarks located on the cortical surface, and grey dots represent landmarks located on subcortical structures. Red and yellow lines indicate linear distances that are significantly greater in the ISS sample, and the white line (F) indicates the single linear distance that is significantly smaller in the ISS sample.