Inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) activity in duodenal epithelial cells, 5 h following challenge with H. pylori lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 3 mg kg−1, i.v.) in rat treated concurrently with saline or with superoxide dismutase conjugated with polyethylene glycol (SOD–PEG; 250–500 i.u. kg−1, i.v.). Data, expressed as iNOS activity (pmol min−1 mg protein−1) are mean±s.e.mean of 5–10 experiments, where * denotes a significant difference from the control (P<0.01). In control experiments, a group of rats received SOD–PEG (500 i.u. kg−1, i.v.). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between values for LPS alone and LPS with either dose of SOD–PEG.