Macrophages purified from mice treated in vivo with AF regulate cytokine production in Ag-primed CD4+ T cells. DBA/2 mice were injected in vivo with either AF (200 μg per mouse, i.p.) or saline. After 24 h, macrophages were purified and incubated with KLH-primed CD4+ T cells and KLH (10 μg ml−1). After 4 days, culture supernatants were harvested and assayed for IL-12 (A), IFN-γ (B) and IL-4 (C) levels by ELISA. The results are presented as the mean±s.e.mean (n=4). *P<0.001, relative to a saline-injected group.