Effect of PT on VDRE reporter activity in HeLa cells. HeLa cells (3×104 cells well−1 in 24 well plate) were transiently transfected with 200 ng VDRE promoter/luciferase report construct and 100 ng VDR expression construct or empty vector as a control. The transfected cells were treated with 10 μM PT and/or 10 ng ml−1 TNF-α and, 7 h later, treated with 5 nM 1,25-(OH)2D3 for 24 h. Normalized luciferase expressions from triplicate samples are presented relative to the LacZ expressions. The results are represented as the mean±s.e.mean of triplicate determinations. The experiment was repeated four times with similar results. *P<0.001, relative to a group of VDRE(+), VDR(+) and 1,25-(OH)2D3. **P<0.001, relative to a group of VDRE(+), VDR(+), 1,25-(OH)2D3 and TNF-α(+).