Inhibitory effects of AE1-329 on PDGF-stimulated increase in [3H]-thymidine incorporation (a), cell number (b) and cAMP production (c) in VSMCs from F2-wild-type and EP4−/− mice. The control values in the VSMCs from F2-wild-type and EP4−/− mice stimulated with PDGF (10 ng ml−1) alone were 3871±532 (n=6) and 4557±695 (n=20) c.p.m. for [3H]-thymidine incorporation, respectively, and 121±6 (n=4) and 126±8 (n=4)% increase in cell number, respectively. In a and b, the values were expressed as percentages of these control values. The inhibitory effects of AE1-329 on PDGF-induced increases in [3H]-thymidine incorporation, cell number and cAMP production were significant (P<0.05) in VSMCs from wild-type mice. Each point shows the mean value with s.e.mean shown by vertical bars. *P<0.05 vs wild-type mice. The numbers in parenthesis indicate n.