Figure 1.

LPS induces phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 in a time-dependent manner. RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with LPS (10 ng ml⁻¹) for the indicated time. Total cell lysates were processed by SDS–PAGE and membranes blotted with phosphospecific antibodies for p38, ERK1/2, JNK or an antibody that recognizes all actin isoforms. Similar results were obtained in three different experiments.