Outflow of tritium from urinary bladder pieces taken from NMRI (A), M2-wildtype (B), M4-wildtype (C), M2-knockout (D) or M4-knockout mice (E): effects of electrical stimulation and carbachol. After preincubation with 3H-noradrenaline tissues were superfused and stimulated electrically six times by 20 pulses/50 Hz (S1 to S6). Filled circles, controls (no carbachol). Empty circles, carbachol was added at increasing concentrations as indicated. Each line represents the mean of three to 13 bladder pieces.