Table 1.

Detection of S1P receptor subtypes in cardiovascular tissue at the mRNA and protein level

Receptor	S1P1		S1P2		S1P3		S1P4		S1P5
	mRNA	Protein	mRNA	Protein	mRNA	Protein	mRNA	Protein	mRNA	Protein
Ventricular cardiomyocytes	+++a, ++b	+++a	+a, ++b	+a	++ab	++a	−b		++b
Septal cardiomyocytes	+++a	+++a	+a	+a	++a	++a	−b		++b
Atrial cardiomyocytes	+++a, ++b,c	+++a	+a, ++b,c	+a	++a,b,c	++a	−b		++b
Coronary artery endothelial cells	+++a	+++a	−a		−a
Coronary artery smooth muscle cells	−a	−a, +d	−a	−a	++a	++a
Aortic endothelial cells	−a, +++e,f		−a,e, +f		−a, +++e
Aortic smooth muscle cells	−a,g, +h,i,k,l	−a, +d	+a, +++g,h,i	+a, ++d	+++a,h,i, ++g	+++a, ++d	−g,j		−g,j
Umbilical vein endothelial cells	+++f,g		−g, +f		++f		−g		−g

+++: high expression; ++: intermediate expression; +: low expression; −: not detected.

^aMazurais et al. (2002).

^bLiliom et al. (2001).

^cHimmel et al. (2000).

^dCoussin et al. (2002).

^eKimura et al. (2000).

^fWang et al. (1999).

^gRyu Y et al. (2002).

^hTamama et al. (2001).

ⁱHobson et al. (2001).

^jKluk et al. (2001).

^kAllende & Proia (2002).

^lLiu et al. (2000).