Table 1.
Demographic and health characteristics of ELDER participants, overall
| N | 696 |
| Ethnicity | |
| African American | 220 (31.6) |
| White | 295 (42.4) |
| Native American | 181 (26.0) |
| Demographic | |
| Female | 343 (49.3) |
| Married | 348 (50.0) |
| Age (years) | 74.1 ± 5.41 |
| Formal education (n = 695) | |
| Less than high school | 451 (64.9) |
| High school | 145 (20.9) |
| At least some college | 99 (14.2) |
| Number of people in home | |
| 1 | 213 (30.6) |
| 2 | 339 (48.7) |
| ≥3 | 144 (20.7) |
| Poverty status (n = 666) | |
| On Medicaid | 235 (35.3) |
| No Medicaid, household income <$25,000 | 303 (45.5) |
| No Medicaid, household income ≥$25,000 | 128 (19.2) |
| Health/diabetes therapy | |
| No medication | 86 (12.4) |
| Oral agent only | 418 (60.1) |
| Insulin with or without oral agents | 192 (27.6) |
| Number of prescription medications >5 | 368 (53.3) |
| Number of chronic conditions >5 | 220 (31.6) |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 12.4 ± 10.98 |
| BMI (kg/m2)(n = 664) | 29.6 ± 5.88 |
| HbA1c (%) (n = 691) | 6.8 ± 1.32 |
| SF-12 physical component score (n = 664) | 35.1 ± 11.37 |
| CES-D ≥9 | 110 (15.8) |
Data are n (%) or means ± SD unless otherwise indicated.