TABLE 1.

Genetic polymorphisms in cytokine-encoding genes which influence the clinical course of H. pylori infection in humans

Gene product	Polymorphism(s)	Postulated effect of polymorphism	Reference(s)
IL-1β	IL-1B-31C, IL-1B-511T	Increased expression of IL-1β, which induces expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibits acid secretion	63-66, 134, 135
IL-1RA	IL-1RN*2	Reduced expression of IL-1 receptor agonist, which increases IL-1β activity	135
IL-2	IL-2-330T	Reduced IL-2 expression	232
IL-10	IL-10 haplotype ATA	Reduced expression of IL-10, which increases proinflammatory cytokine activity	66
TNF	TNF-A-308A	Increased TNF expression, which induces expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibits acid secretion	66, 134