FIG. 7.

Activation of kinase cascades in M-Ras KO astrocytes. (A) WT (+/+) and M-Ras KO (−/−) astrocytes were serum starved for 48 h and stimulated with bFGF, HGF, and EGF for the indicated durations. Cells were lysed, and Western blot analysis was performed to examine the activation states of c-Akt and c-Erk using phospho-specific antibodies directed against each protein. (B) The relative activation of c-Akt and c-Erk at peak (5-min) and late (90-min) time points was compared between Mras^+/+ (black bars) and Mras^−/− (white bars) astrocytes. The data are mean values derived from three independent experiments with the standard deviations shown (*, P < 0.05).