TABLE 1.
Significant risk factors associated with infective AAD due to all causes and with C. difficile- and C. perfringens-specific AAD
| Risk factor | OR (95% confidence interval) for AAD due toa:
|
||
|---|---|---|---|
| All causes | C. difficile | C. perfringens | |
| Length of hospital stay | 1.017 (1.01-1.03)** | 1.012 (1.00-1.02)* | |
| 1.016 (1.01-1.03)** | 1.027 (1.01-1.04)** | ||
| Antacids | 2.789 (2.03-3.55)** | ||
| Cytotoxic drugs | 8.933 (7.28-10.59)** | 8.073 (6.36-9.79)* | |
| Feeding tubes | 1.864 (1.11-2.64)* | 2.808 (2.16-3.46)** | 0.130 (0.10-0.16)** |
| 2.511 (1.87-3.15)** | 5.630 (4.52-6.41)** | ||
| Penicillin V or G | 0.178 (0.04-0.32)* | 0.126 (0.07-0.18)* | |
| Broad-spectrum penicillins | 0.238 (0.14-0.34)** | ||
| 0.263 (0.16-0.31)** | |||
| Aminoglycosides | 0.197 (0.06-3.11)* | ||
| Narrow-spectrum cephalosporins | 2.277 (1.22-4.1)* | 2.760 (1.88-3.64)* | |
| Broad-spectrum cephalosporins | 3.594 (2.84-5.61)** | 3.810 (2.99-4.63)** | |
| Metronidazole | 0.271 (0.15-0.39)* | ||
| Macrolides | 3.565 (2.81-4.32)** | ||
| Sulfonamide-plus trimethoprim | 0.467 (0.40-0.53)* | ||
a
Data were analyzed by conditional multivariate logistic regression. Values in boldface are those for case control 1 analysis (cases versus symptomatic patients); values in lightface are those for case control 2 analysis (asymptomatic patients). *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01.