FIG. 3.
Epitope mapping of the selected VHHs. Wild-type N. meningitidis strain H44/76 expressing L3 LPS (schematically represented in panel F) and its galE, rfaC, and icsA mutant derivatives (expressing LPS molecules, truncated at positions 1, 2, and 3, respectively; panel F) and an lpxA mutant strain producing no LPS at all were coated on microtiter plates. Serial dilutions of the different VHHs were added to the wells, and bound VHHs were detected by successive incubation with rabbit anti-llama heavy-chain serum and a goat anti-rabbit antibody coupled to a peroxidase. Peroxidase activity was developed, and the absorptions (Abs.) measured at 490 nm are plotted. (F) Schematic structure of the N. meningitidis L3 LPS. Gal, galactose; GlcNac, N-acetylglucosamine; Glc, glucose; KDO, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid; Hep, heptose; PEA, phosphoethanolamine. L8 denotes where the structure of the L8 LPS ends.