Table 3.
Total | Dutch | non-Western | ||||||
N | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | pa | |
Attitude | 528 | 1.36 | 0.77 | 1.26 | 0.81 | 1.46 | 0.73 | 0.001 |
Self efficacy | ||||||||
Difficulty item 1 | 525 | 0.45 | 1.52 | 0.74 | 1.47 | 0.18 | 1.53 | p < 0.001 |
Ability item 1 | 526 | 1.48 | 0.88 | 1.42 | 0.94 | 1.55 | 0.81 | 0.164 |
Liking | 528 | 1.5 | 0.67 | 1.43 | 0.75 | 1.57 | 0.58 | 0.026 |
Preferences | 527 | 1.24 | 0.65 | 1.16 | 0.71 | 1.32 | 0.58 | 0.016 |
Perceived barriers | 526 | -1.3 | 0.84 | -1.41 | 0.77 | -1.20 | 0.89 | 0.005 |
Correct Knowledge (%) | 524 | 61 | 58 | 64 | 0.173 | |||
Modeling | 528 | 0.96 | 0.82 | 0.91 | 0.83 | 1.01 | 0.81 | 0.133 |
Active encouragement | 527 | 0.62 | 1.31 | 0.38 | 1.36 | 0.84 | 1.23 | 0.000 |
Demanding | 516 | 0.56 | 1.18 | 0.54 | 1.2 | 0.59 | 1.16 | 0.696 |
Allowing | 515 | 1.51 | 0.89 | 1.52 | 0.83 | 1.51 | 0.94 | 0.531 |
Facilitating | 522 | 0.55 | 1.15 | 0.34 | 1.17 | 0.75 | 1.09 | 0.000 |
Home availability | 527 | 1.2 | 0.65 | 1.24 | 0.6 | 1.15 | 0.69 | 0.202 |
School availability | 518 | -1.69 | 0.81 | -1.77 | 0.69 | -1.61 | 0.9 | 0.031 |
Availability at friends | 503 | 0.51 | 1.28 | 0.61 | 1.22 | 0.42 | 1.33 | 0.114 |
Availability at club | 406 | -0.43 | 1.51 | -0.59 | 1.46 | -0.24 | 1.54 | 0.019 |
1 answers were recoded in a way that higher scores reflect higher self-efficacy
a p-value based on Mann-Whitney test between Dutch and non-Western immigrants