(A) Dose–response (Left) and time course (Right) of the effect of PDTC on CCR2, CCR5, and CXCR4 mRNA expression. For the dose–response analysis, total RNA was purified from monocytes incubated for 4 h with PDTC at the indicated doses. In kinetic analysis, the total RNA was purified from fresh human monocytes incubated with 50 μM PDTC for the indicated times. Results in A are representative of three separate experiments. (B) Effect of PDTC on the CCR2, CCR5, and CXCR4 mRNA half-lives. ActD (1 μg/ml) was added to fresh human monocytes in the presence or absence of PDTC (50 μM), and total RNA was extracted at different times as indicated. Results in B are representative of two different experiments.