Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study | Supplement and Ca dose (mg/day) | Duration of supplement/follow-up (years) | No* | Ethnicity/pubertal stage | Female (%) | Mean (range) age (years) | Baseline Ca†(mg/day) | Sites measured |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bonjour 1995w1-5 |
Milk extract, 850 |
1/8 |
149 |
White/prepubertal |
100 |
7.93 (6.6-9.4) |
752 |
Radius, hip, LS |
| Cameron 2004w6 |
CaCO3, 1200 |
2/2 |
128 |
NS/prepubertal |
100 |
10.3 (8-13) |
716 |
Hip, forearm, LS, TB |
| Chevalley 2005w7 |
Milk extract, 850 |
1/2 |
235 |
White/prepubertal |
0 |
7.44 (6.5-8.5) |
752 |
Radius, hip, LS, TB |
| Courteix 2005w8 |
CaPO4, 800 |
1/1 |
113 |
White/prepubertal |
100 |
9.91 (8-13) |
994 |
Radius, hip, LS, TB |
| Dibba 2000w9-10 |
CaCO3, 1000 mg 5 days/week |
1/3 |
160 |
Gambian/mixed |
50 |
10.3 (8.3-11.9) |
338 |
Radius |
| Iuliano-Burns 2003w11 |
Foods fortified by milk minerals, 400 |
0.7/0.7 |
72 |
Asian 15%, rest NS; 85%, 80% prepubertal |
100 |
8.86 (7-11) |
674 |
TB, upper and lower limb, LS |
| Johnston 1992w12-14 |
CaCM, 1000 |
3/6 |
140 |
White/mixed |
61 |
10 (6-14) |
919 |
Radius, hip, LS |
| Lee 1994w15 w16 |
CaCO3, 300 |
1.5/2.5 |
163 |
Chinese/prepubertal |
46 |
7.18 (NS) |
277 |
Radius |
| Lee 1995w17 w18 |
CaCO3, 300 |
1.5/3 |
109 |
Chinese/prepubertal |
43 |
Age7 |
567 |
Radius, hip, LS |
| Lloyd 1993w19-w22 |
CaCM, 500 |
2/2 |
112 |
White/mixed |
100 |
11.9 (NS) |
976 |
Pelvis, LS, TB |
| Matkovic 2004w23-26 |
CaCM, 1000 |
7/7 |
354 |
White/peripubertal |
100 |
10.8 (NS) |
837 |
Radius, TB |
| Molgaard 2004w27 |
CaCO3, 300 |
1/2 |
113 |
White/mixed |
100 |
13.2 (12-14) |
841 |
TB |
| Nowson 1997w28 |
CaCO3/Ca lactate gluconate, 1000 |
1.5/1.5 |
110 |
NS/mixed |
100 |
14 (10-17) |
734 |
Forearm, hip, LS, TB |
| Prentice 2005w29 |
CaCO3, 1000 |
1/1 |
150 |
White/postpubertal |
0 |
16.8 (16-18) |
1198 |
Radius, hip, TB |
| Rodda 2004w30 |
CaCO3, 1200 |
1-4/4 |
93 |
Chinese 43%, white 57%/NS |
100 |
N.S. (10-12) |
NS |
TB, LS |
| Rozen 2003w31-32 |
CaCO3, 1000 |
1/4.5 |
112 |
Jewish 76%, Arab 24%/postpubertal |
100 |
14.85 (12-17) |
582 |
Hip, LS, TB |
| Specker 2003w33 |
CaCO3, 1000 |
1/1 |
239 |
White/prepubertal |
47 |
3.92 (3-5) |
946 |
TB, arm, leg |
| Stear 2003w34 |
CaCO3, 1000 |
1.3/1.3 |
144 |
NS/post pubertal |
100 |
17.3 (16-18) |
938 |
Radius, hip, LS, TB |
| Wang 1996w35 | CaCO3, 300 | 1.5/1.5 | 163 | Chinese/prepubertal | 46 | 7.2 (NS) | 277 | Radius |
CaCO3=calcium carbonate; Ca=calcium; CaCM=calcium citrate malate; CaPO4=calcium phosphate; LS=lumbar spine; TB=total body; NS=not stated.
*
Number of subjects randomised.
†
Mean baseline calcium intake.