Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study | Supplement and Ca dose (mg/day) | Duration of supplement/follow-up (years) | No* | Ethnicity/pubertal stage | Female (%) | Mean (range) age (years) | Baseline Ca†(mg/day) | Sites measured | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bonjour 1995w1-5 | Milk extract, 850 | 1/8 | 149 | White/prepubertal | 100 | 7.93 (6.6-9.4) | 752 | Radius, hip, LS | 
| Cameron 2004w6 | CaCO3, 1200 | 2/2 | 128 | NS/prepubertal | 100 | 10.3 (8-13) | 716 | Hip, forearm, LS, TB | 
| Chevalley 2005w7 | Milk extract, 850 | 1/2 | 235 | White/prepubertal | 0 | 7.44 (6.5-8.5) | 752 | Radius, hip, LS, TB | 
| Courteix 2005w8 | CaPO4, 800 | 1/1 | 113 | White/prepubertal | 100 | 9.91 (8-13) | 994 | Radius, hip, LS, TB | 
| Dibba 2000w9-10 | CaCO3, 1000 mg 5 days/week | 1/3 | 160 | Gambian/mixed | 50 | 10.3 (8.3-11.9) | 338 | Radius | 
| Iuliano-Burns 2003w11 | Foods fortified by milk minerals, 400 | 0.7/0.7 | 72 | Asian 15%, rest NS; 85%, 80% prepubertal | 100 | 8.86 (7-11) | 674 | TB, upper and lower limb, LS | 
| Johnston 1992w12-14 | CaCM, 1000 | 3/6 | 140 | White/mixed | 61 | 10 (6-14) | 919 | Radius, hip, LS | 
| Lee 1994w15 w16 | CaCO3, 300 | 1.5/2.5 | 163 | Chinese/prepubertal | 46 | 7.18 (NS) | 277 | Radius | 
| Lee 1995w17 w18 | CaCO3, 300 | 1.5/3 | 109 | Chinese/prepubertal | 43 | Age7 | 567 | Radius, hip, LS | 
| Lloyd 1993w19-w22 | CaCM, 500 | 2/2 | 112 | White/mixed | 100 | 11.9 (NS) | 976 | Pelvis, LS, TB | 
| Matkovic 2004w23-26 | CaCM, 1000 | 7/7 | 354 | White/peripubertal | 100 | 10.8 (NS) | 837 | Radius, TB | 
| Molgaard 2004w27 | CaCO3, 300 | 1/2 | 113 | White/mixed | 100 | 13.2 (12-14) | 841 | TB | 
| Nowson 1997w28 | CaCO3/Ca lactate gluconate, 1000 | 1.5/1.5 | 110 | NS/mixed | 100 | 14 (10-17) | 734 | Forearm, hip, LS, TB | 
| Prentice 2005w29 | CaCO3, 1000 | 1/1 | 150 | White/postpubertal | 0 | 16.8 (16-18) | 1198 | Radius, hip, TB | 
| Rodda 2004w30 | CaCO3, 1200 | 1-4/4 | 93 | Chinese 43%, white 57%/NS | 100 | N.S. (10-12) | NS | TB, LS | 
| Rozen 2003w31-32 | CaCO3, 1000 | 1/4.5 | 112 | Jewish 76%, Arab 24%/postpubertal | 100 | 14.85 (12-17) | 582 | Hip, LS, TB | 
| Specker 2003w33 | CaCO3, 1000 | 1/1 | 239 | White/prepubertal | 47 | 3.92 (3-5) | 946 | TB, arm, leg | 
| Stear 2003w34 | CaCO3, 1000 | 1.3/1.3 | 144 | NS/post pubertal | 100 | 17.3 (16-18) | 938 | Radius, hip, LS, TB | 
| Wang 1996w35 | CaCO3, 300 | 1.5/1.5 | 163 | Chinese/prepubertal | 46 | 7.2 (NS) | 277 | Radius | 
CaCO3=calcium carbonate; Ca=calcium; CaCM=calcium citrate malate; CaPO4=calcium phosphate; LS=lumbar spine; TB=total body; NS=not stated.
Number of subjects randomised.
Mean baseline calcium intake.