Table 5.
Functional Analysis of the Endpoint Effects of ETS and Nic on Human Oral KCs
| Studied parameters | Experimental conditions
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (no treatment) | ETS | ETS+αCtxMII | Nic | Nic+αCtxMII | |
| Cell number (1 × 104/well) | 20.4 ± 2.2 | 24.6 ± 2.4 | 18.9 ± 2.1 | 22 ± 2.2 | 20.8 ± 2.4 |
| Number of TBD+ cells (% of total cells) | 3.7 ± 2.1 | 24.2 ± 4.5* | 5.4 ± 2.1 | 15.3 ± 4.2* | 3.1 ± 1.3 |
| Number of TUNEL+ cells (% of total cells) | 3.3 ± 1.8 | 29.1 ± 4.7* | 6.9 ± 2.3 | 21.1 ± 3.7* | 4.7 ± 1.2 |
| Number of CK 5+ cells (% of total cells) | 79.1 ± 5.7 | 49.8 ± 4.7* | 80.7 ± 5 | 60.2 ± 4.7* | 90.4 ± 6 |
| Number of CK 10+ cells (% of total cells) | 11.1 ± 3.7 | 45.8 ± 4.7* | 10.9 ± 4.3 | 35.3 ± 5* | 7.6 ± 3 |
| Caspase 3 activity (RFU) | 304 ± 50 | 1220 ± 78* | 634 ± 55 | 962 ± 36* | 512 ± 58 |
| Caspase 8 activity (RFU) | 372 ± 63 | 1413 ± 125* | 556 ± 55 | 1084 ± 87* | 484 ± 70 |
Data shown are means ± SD.
αCtxMII, α-conotoxin MII; CK, cytokeratin; ETS, environmental tobacco smoke; KCs, keratinocytes; Nic, nicotine; RFU, relative signal; TBD, Trypan Blue dye.
*
P < 0.05, the rest are P > 0.05, compared to control.