Lysyl oxidase activity and synthesis of elastic fibers in cultured fibroblasts and aortic smooth muscle cells. a and b: Lysyl oxidase activity was measured in the conditioned medium of WT, Lox+/−, and Lox−/− fibroblasts (a) and aortic smooth muscle cells (b) at 70% confluency. Activities are presented as means ± SD for six independent experiments, each assayed in quadruplicate. c–f: Immunofluorescence staining of aortic smooth muscle cells (c, d) and skin fibroblasts (e, f) at 9 days after confluency with a tropoelastin antibody showed no obvious differences between genotypes. Scale bars, 100 μm (c–f).