Table 1.
Effect of Treatment with 100 mg/kg RA at Various Time Points on Kidney Development Assessed at E18
| Time of RA administration | 8 days, 20 hours | 9 days, 0 hours | 9 days, 4 hours | 9 days, 8 hours | 9 days, 12 hours | 9 days, 16 hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of litters examined | 6 | 18 | 12 | 7 | 8 | 7 |
| Number of fetuses that underwent resorption | 12 | 17 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
| (% total fetuses) | (20) | (9) | (5) | (3) | (4) | (4) |
| Number of live fetuses | 47 | 172 | 147 | 77 | 100 | 76 |
| % Live fetuses with any renal malformation | 100 | 88 | 63 | 34 | 11 | 0 |
| % Live fetuses with bilateral renal agenesis | 92 | 66 | 32 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| % Live fetuses with unilateral renal agenesis* | 8 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| % Live fetuses with nonagenesis renal malformations† | 0 | 6 | 31 | 22 | 11 | 0 |
*
Contralateral kidney either normal or with nonagenesis renal malformations.
†
Bilateral or unilateral with contralateral kidney being normal.