Evaluation of PKC-α phosphorylation. PKC-α phosphorylation was studied by immunoblot of whole cell lysates of cholangiocytes freshly isolated from rats of the different experimental groups. Top: Quantitative data of the changes in PKC-α phosphorylation (to compare NR cholangiocyte values, obtained in different experimental sets, data are expressed as percentage of BDL value, n = 3). Bottom: Representative images of the immunoblot for phosphorylated and constitutive PKC-α and β-actin. Data are mean ± SEM of three experiments. *P < 0.04 versus BDL, BDL + vagotomy + UDCA, and BDL + vagotomy + TUDCA.