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. 2005 Sep 14;360(1462):1905–1916. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2005.1722

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Hypothetical example of character based diagnosis (Davis & Nixon 1992) in action. The twelve sequences represent two populations of six individuals each. The solid line through the middle of the matrix represents a geographical barrier between the two populations. A. DNA sequence attributes in these columns are purely diagnostic characters (sensu Davis & Nixon 1992). B. DNA sequence attributes in this column are not purely diagnostic, but rather the G in the three individuals in the top population are ‘private’ to that population. C. The DNA sequence attributes in the two columns by themselves constitute two private DNA positions. However, in combination these two columns provide a ‘pure’ diagnostic combination (AA versus AG or GA; ‘compound pure’ character in the terminology of Sarkar et al. 2002). D. The four columns marked by the shading for D are neither diagnostic nor private. Yet in combination the four columns provide a diagnostic system for the top population versus the bottom. The top population is diagnosed by GA, AG/GA, AG for the four columns.