Table 2.
Description and results of all seven prevention trials of neuraminidase inhibitors in systematic review, by strategy
| Trial | Age group (years) | High risk subjects (%) | Vaccinated subjects (%) | Trial design arms (No of subjects in each arm) | Treatment duration | No of flu positive cases | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Jadad score11* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zanamivir | ||||||||
| Seasonal prophylaxis in a healthy population:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| NAIA3005 | 18-64 | 0 | 15 | Placebo (n=554); 10 mg inhaled once daily (n=553) | 4 weeks | Placebo 34; intervention 11 | 0.31 (0.14 to 0.64) | 4 |
| Post-exposure prophylaxis in household setting †
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| NAIA2009, NAIB2009 | 13-65 | Not reported | 0 | Placebo spray and inhalation (n=144); placebo inhaled plus active spray (n=141) §, 10 mg inhaled plus placebo spray (n=144); 5 mg inhaled twice daily plus intranasal sprays (16 mg/ml) per nostril (0.1 ml per spray) (n=146) § | 5 days | Placebo 9; 10 mg inhaled 3 | 0.27 (0.07 to 1.05) | 3 |
| NAI30010 | Families | >6 | 16 | Contact cases ¶: Placebo (n=423); 10 mg inhaled once a day (n=414) | 10 days | Placebo 40; intervention 9 | 0.16 (0.07 to 0.37) | 4 |
| Oseltamivir | ||||||||
| Seasonal prophylaxis in elderly residential home:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| WV15825 | 64-96 | 100 | 80 | Placebo (n=272); 75 mg once daily (n=276) | 6 weeks | Placebo 12; intervention 1 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.61) | 4 |
| Seasonal prophylaxis in a healthy population ‡
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| WV15673 | 18-65 | 0 | 0 | Placebo (n=268); 75 mg once daily (n=268); 75 mg twice daily (n=267) § | 6 weeks | Placebo 19; intervention 3 | 0.15 (0.04 to 0.51) | 5 |
| WV15697 | 18-65 | 0 | 0 | Placebo (n=251); 75 mg once daily (n=252); 75 mg twice daily (n=253) | 6 weeks | Placebo 6; intervention 3 | 0.49 (0.12 to 1.99) | 5 |
| Post-exposure prophylaxis in the household setting
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| WV15799 | 12-85 | 40 | 13 | Placebo (n=462); 75 mg once daily (n=493) | 7 days | Placebo 34; intervention 4 | 0.10 (0.04 to 0.29) | 4 |
Data from trials NAIA2009 and NAIB2009 were amalgamated by the drug company before analysis.
*
The higher the score (maximum 5), the higher the methodological quality.
†
Pooled odds ratio 0.19 (0.09 to 0.38)).
‡
Pooled odds ratio 0.26 (0.08 to 0.84)).
§
Included for completeness (only licensed dosage considered by the review).
¶
Members of household in which one individual had contracted influenza-like illness (index case) and who were given a neuraminidase inhibitor prophylactically while the index case was treated with a neuraminidase inhibitor.