Mammary glands of LH-overexpressing mice demonstrate elevated expression of vitamin D receptor. (A) Affymetrix gene expression analysis reveals increased VDR mRNA in mammary glands of LH-overexpressing compared to age-matched wild type mice at 8, 12, and 19 weeks of age as well as in tumors. Data was analyzed using Affymetrix MAS 5.0 (gene detection: hatched bars=absent, solid bars=present; signal intensities normalized to 5-wk wild type; asterisk indicates sample significantly increased compared to age-matched wild type control). Immunohistochemistry for VDR was performed on mammary glands of adult wild type (B), and LH-overexpressing mice (C), as well as mammary tumors (marked by asterisk) from LH-overexpressing mice (D). (E) The percentage of epithelial cells expressing VDR is increased 2.3-fold in the mammary glands of adult LH-overexpressing mice relative to age-matched wild type mice (*P<0.01). Examples of positively staining nuclei are denoted by arrows in (B). Images are magnified 200×.