Table 2.
Descriptive analyses for Kaohsiung elderly (n = 4,993)
| Variable | Frequency (%) | Mean (Std Dev) |
| Female+ | 2,330 (46.67) | |
| Education++ | ||
| Grade School or below (1) | 4,037 (81.10) | |
| High School (2) | 576 (11.57) | |
| College or above (3) | 365 (7.33) | |
| Married + | 3,345 (67.14) | |
| Perceives positive support+ | ||
| Yes | 3,350 (71.92) | |
| No | 1,308 (28.08) | |
| Feels lonely++ | ||
| Strong | 2,844 (59.27) | |
| Some | 1,708 (35.60) | |
| Little | 246 (5.13) | |
| Lives alone | ||
| Yes | 427 (8.79) | |
| No | 4431 (91.21) | |
| Religion++ | ||
| Buddhist (1) | 2,796 (56.0) | |
| Traditional (2) | 1,111 (22.25) | |
| Christian (3) | 247 (4.95) | |
| Catholic (4) | 73 (1.46) | |
| Other (5) | 651 (13.04) | |
| Occupation++ | ||
| White collar (1) | 495 (9.91) | |
| Blue collar (2) | 873 (17.48) | |
| Farmer (3) | 267 (5.35) | |
| Prof-Admin (4) | 998 (19.99) | |
| Retired (5) | 610 (12.22) | |
| Housewife (6) | 1,644 (33.93) | |
| Comorbidities+ | ||
| CVA | 169 (3.38) | |
| Hypertension | 1592 (31.88) | |
| Cancer | 28 (0.56) | |
| DM | 391 (7.83) | |
| CHD | 283 (5.67) | |
| Parkinson's | 12 (0.24) | |
| Vision problem | 308 (6.0) | |
| Hearing problem | 56 (1.1) | |
| Dental problem | 87 (1.7) | |
| ADL | 0.35 (1.94) | |
| IADL | 0.95 (2.98) | |
| Age | 72.72 (5.49) | |
| SPMSQ | 9.36 (1.41) |
Higher ADL or IADL scores indicate more functional dependency.