Table 1.

Lists of ailments treated by local traditional healers in Manang district, Central Nepal, grouped by body system.

Body System (Categories)	Ailments treated by the local traditional healers
Skin	warts, wound problems (infections), wounds on skin, abrasions, skin swelling, boils, scabies, cuts and wounds, burns, ringworm, and blisters
Cardiovascular	heart disease, heart pain
Respiratory	shortness of breath, sore throat, chest pain, asthma, bronchitis, reduce sound production (wheezes or stridor) during breathing, tuberculosis
Neurological	numbness of limbs, paralysis, pulse pain, and 'vein pain'
Reproductive	infertility, wounds in vagina 'Bhringhee', quicken labour and delivery, stop bleeding during child birth and to increase sexual power
Gastointestinal	diarrhoea, dysentery, vomiting, stomachache, gastritis, worms (white intestinal worms), anthelmintic, bile disorders, constipation and stomach ache
Orthopaedic	Heal broken bones, bone fracture, back pain, fracture of hand and leg, bone pain, bone diseases, joint pain
Blood	Increases the blood, purification of blood, menstrual disorders (heavy flow), menstrual problems, high blood pressure and blood circulation
Renal/Urological	Kidney diseases, urinary tract infection, diuretic, dysuria.
Muscular	Increase body size, for body massage, 'waist pain', inflammation of body, rheumatism, neck pain, and limbs pain
ENT	conjunctivitis, pain in nose (internal or external), eye pain, stop bleeding from nose, eye diseases, blindness, defects in visions, ear pain, sinusitis, gingivitis, relief tooth pain, cough and cold, and tonsillitis,
Paediatric	massage the head of children
Other/ Whole body/ Systemic	fever (any kind of fever i.e., typhoid fever, malaria), jaundice, headache, high altitude sickness, vertigo/ dizziness, stop sweating, diabetes, cancer, snake bite and scorpion sting, vitamin, nutritious, tonic (to treat weakness), infectious diseases, rib pain (Kokho dukhnu), tuberculosis, edema (swelling of the body), body pain, and pain from swelling