Table 1.
Parental history of asthma and allergies and personal history of atopy in relation to childhood asthma
| Variable | No asthma or wheeze | Early onset persistent asthma | Early onset transient asthma | Late onset asthma | Wheeze and asthma-like illness w/o asthma diagnosis | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | N | Prev * | PR(95% CI) + | N | Prev | PR(95% CI) | N | Prev | PR(95% CI) | N | Prev | PR(95% CI) | |
| Parental asthma | |||||||||||||
| none | 2907 | 120 | 0.040 | 1.00 | 70 | 0.024 | 1.00 | 259 | 0.082 | 1.00 | 741 | 0.203 | 1.00 |
| mother | 250 | 48 | 0.161 | 4.06 (2.97 – 5.56) | 14 | 0.053 | 2.26 (1.29 – 3.95) | 78 | 0.238 | 2.91 (2.32 – 3.65) | 127 | 0.337 | 1.66 (1.42 – 1.94) |
| father | 196 | 38 | 0.162 | 4.10 (2.92 – 5.75) | 19 | 0.088 | 3.76 (2.31 – 6.12) | 56 | 0.222 | 2.72 (2.10 – 3.52) | 70 | 0.263 | 1.30 (1.05 – 1.60) |
| both | 14 | 13 | 0.481 | 12.1 (7.91 – 18.7) | 3 | 0.176 | 7.51 (2.62 – 21.5) | 11 | 0.440 | 5.38 (3.40 – 8.50) | 12 | 0.462 | 2.27 (1.49 – 3.46) |
| Parental allergy | |||||||||||||
| none | 2028 | 70 | 0.033 | 1.00 | 47 | 0.023 | 1.00 | 127 | 0.059 | 1.00 | 438 | 0.178 | 1.00 |
| mother | 613 | 48 | 0.073 | 2.18 (1.52 – 3.11) | 24 | 0.038 | 1.66 (1.03 – 2.70) | 120 | 0.164 | 2.78 (2.20 – 3.51) | 230 | 0.273 | 1.54 (1.34 – 1.77) |
| father | 449 | 44 | 0.089 | 2.67 (1.86 – 3.85) | 23 | 0.049 | 2.15 (1.32 – 3.51) | 85 | 0.159 | 2.70 (2.09 – 3.50) | 147 | 0.247 | 1.39 (1.18 – 1.64) |
| both | 277 | 57 | 0.171 | 5.11 (3.68 – 7.12) | 12 | 0.042 | 1.83 (0.98 – 3.41) | 72 | 0.206 | 3.50 (2.68 – 4.57) | 135 | 0.328 | 1.84 (1.57 – 2.17) |
| Parental allergy and asthma combined | |||||||||||||
| none | 1920 | 54 | 0.027 | 1.00 | 39 | 0.020 | 1.00 | 116 | 0.057 | 1.00 | 396 | 0.171 | 1.00 |
| 0 asthmatic, 1 allergic | 791 | 46 | 0.055 | 2.01 (1.37 – 2.95) | 26 | 0.032 | 1.60 (0.98 – 2.61) | 114 | 0.126 | 2.21 (1.73 – 2.83) | 261 | 0.248 | 1.45 (1.26 – 1.67) |
| 0 asthmatic, 2 allergic | 196 | 20 | 0.093 | 3.38 (2.07 – 5.54) | 5 | 0.025 | 1.25 (0.50 – 3.13) | 29 | 0.129 | 2.26 (1.54 – 3.32) | 84 | 0.300 | 1.75 (1.44 – 2.14) |
| 1 asthmatic, 0 allergic | 349 | 54 | 0.134 | 4.90 (3.41 – 7.03) | 25 | 0.067 | 3.36 (2.06 – 5.48) | 97 | 0.217 | 3.82 (2.98 – 4.90) | 140 | 0.286 | 1.67 (1.42 – 1.98) |
| 1 asthmatic, 1 allergic | 97 | 32 | 0.248 | 9.07 (6.08 – 13.5) | 8 | 0.076 | 3.83 (1.84 – 7.98) | 37 | 0.276 | 4.85 (3.50 – 6.72) | 57 | 0.370 | 2.16 (1.73 – 2.71) |
| 2 asthmatic | 14 | 13 | 0.481 | 17.6 (11.0 – 28.2) | 3 | 0.176 | 8.86 (3.03 – 25.9) | 11 | 0.440 | 7.72 (4.80 – 12.0) | 12 | 0.462 | 2.70 (1.77 – 4.13) |
*
Prevalence, computed for each outcome separately with the common comparison group of "No asthma or wheeze".
+
Prevalence ratio and 95% confidence intervals.