Fig. 3.

Effects of Cry5B on A. ceylanicum larvae. (A) Cry5B toxin impairs motility of early stage (L1/L2) hookworm larvae. A. ceylanicum eggs were allowed to hatch for 48 h in the presence of increasing concentrations of purified Cry5B toxin. Experimental groups consisted of four replicate wells containing larvae (mean of 20–46 per well) at each concentration of toxin. Values represent the mean percent of motile larvae (±SE) counted in each well. P values represent statistical comparisons between each group and the control worms (buffer only). (B) Cry5B toxicity in early larval (L1/L2) development. Representative photomicrographs show stunted growth and loss of integrity of the tegument and internal structures in A. ceylanicum larvae exposed to purified Cry5B toxin (5 μg/ml) for 48 h. (Magnification: ×200.)