Table 1.
Erwinia strains induce a Drosophila immune response after natural infection
| Strain β-Galactosidase activity
|
Strain | β-Galactosidase activity | |
|---|---|---|---|
| E. carotovora (Ec) | Other Erwinia (E) | ||
| 1232 E amylovora* | + | 3791 E amylovora* | − |
| 2141 Ec carotovora 15* | +++ | 1430 E amylovora* | + |
| 1356 Ec carotovora* | − | 3163 E rhapontici* | − |
| 2046 Ec carotovora* | − | 3218 E cacticida* | − |
| 1400 Ec carotovora* | + | 1284 E rubrifaciens* | − |
| 2145 Ec carotovora* | + | 1283 E rubrifaciens* | − |
| 194 Ec carotovora* | ++ | 466 E ananas* | + |
| 2140 Ec carotovora* | ++ | 3614 E herbicola* | − |
| 1401 Ec carotovora* | ++ | 3617 E quercina* | − |
| 1488 Ec carotovora* | ++ | Other genera | |
| 1491 Ec carotovora* | + | 260 Staphylococcus aureus§ | − |
| 1342 Ec carotovora* | + | CIP A270 Micrococcus luteus§ | − |
| Ecc71 Ec carotovora† | − | 53 Aerococcus viridans§ | − |
| Ecc173 Ec carotovora† | + | 254 Enterococcus faecalis§ | − |
| Ecc GB1 Ec carotovora† | ++ | CIP 5313 Bacillus thuringiensis | − |
| MH1000 Ec carotovora‡ | − | 212 Bacillus megaterium§ | ++ |
| SCRI 1043 Ec carotovora‡ | − | 486 Bacilllus megaterium* | ++ |
| 3296 Ec betavasculorum | − | ATCC 53126 Escherichia coli | − |
| 1526 Ec atroseptica | − | 1106 Escherichia coli* | + |
| PMV318 Ec atrospetica | − | Db1140 Serratia marcescens¶ | − |
| E. chrysanthemi (Ech) | Db113 Serratia marcescens¶ | − | |
| 3937c Ech§ | − | ATCC 390006 Serratia marcescens | + |
| 2048 Ech* | − | Enterobacter cloacae β12¶ | − |
| 1805 Ech* | + | 20 Salmonella typhimirium§ | − |
| 1270 Ech parthenii* | − | 56 Xanthomonas compestris oryzae* | + |
| 2052 Ech zeae* | − | ATCC 82118 Pseudomonoas aeruginosa | + |
| 1200 Ech dianthicola* | − | 2466 Pseudomonas aeruginosa* | − |
| 3477 Ech paradisiaca* | +++ | 2047 Pseudomonas solanacearum* | − |
| 1446 Ech paradisiaca* | +++ | 2963 Pseudomonas solanacearum* | − |
| 2811 Ech paradisiaca* | +++ | 2413 Agrobacterium tumefaciens* | + |
β-Galactosidase activity was assayed as previously described (3) in larvae carrying a dipt-lacZ reporter gene 24 h after natural infection. At least three independent measurements were performed on five larvae for each bacterial strain. −, None or very weak levels of β-galactosidase activity (mean < 2); +, weak level of β-galactosidase activity (10 > mean > 2); ++, intermediate level of β-galactosidase activity (40 > mean > 10); +++, strong level of β-galactosidase activity (mean > 40). Bacterial strains were obtained from the following sources:
*Collection Française de Bacteries Phytopathogénes Center, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (Angers, France).
†A. Chatterjee (Colombia, MO).
‡G. Salmond, (Cambridge, U.K.).
§Our lab collection.
¶H. G. Boman (Stockholm; ref. 25).