Table 3.
Measles encephalitides
| Encephalitic disease | Health state of host | Incidence | Typical age at measles infection | Interval to neurological presentation | Time course | Measles virus in cerebrospinal fluid (brain tissue) | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis | Normal | 1:1000 | >2 years | Within two weeks of onset of rash | Monophasic (weeks) | No (no) | 15% fatal; 20-40% sequelae |
| Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis | Normal | 1:25 000 | <2 years | 6-8 years | Progressive (years) | No (nucleocapsids but not infectious virus) | 100% fatal |
| Measles inclusion body encephalitis | Immunocompromised | ? | Any age | 1-7 months after exposure | Progressive (months) | No (nucleocapsids but not infectious virus) | 76-85% fatal; 15% sequelae |
Adapted from Griffin DE. In: Knipe DE, Howley PM, eds. Field's virology, 20016 with permission from Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins.