Table 1.

The changes in residents' career satisfaction, attitudes and emotional states before and after implementation of the duty hour requirements.

		Selected group comparison
	The entire cohort Post:Pre	PostV:PreM	PostNV:PreM	PostV:PostNV
Satisfaction	0.96	0.41	0.96	0.41
Competent	0.67	0.21	0.95	0.29
Excited	0.72	0.75	0.47	0.72
Important	0.50	0.69	0.82	0.51
Relieved	0.01	0.09	0.04	0.65
Useful	0.10	0.05	0.80	0.13
Angry	0.17	0.02	0.36	0.14
Anxious	0.73	0.27	0.39	0.20
Bored	0.04	0.01	0.40	0.11
Depressed	0.12	0.00	0.33	0.01
Defeated	0.06	0.00	0.03	0.06
Fatigued	0.66	0.00	0.19	0.00
Inferior	0.67	0.00	0.83	0.00
Lonely	0.29	0.00	0.52	0.00
Nervous	0.23	0.57	0.32	0.10
Overwhelmed	0.50	0.12	0.47	0.40

The p-values were computed by the Fisher's exact test. The p-values in italics are significant at 5% level.

• Selected group: residents from programs where there were violations.

• PostV: violators of the selected group in the survey after implementation.

• PostNV: non-violators of the selected group in the survey after implementation.

• PreM: pre intervention residents in those programs where there were violations in the post intervention survey.