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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2006 Oct 30.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Neurosci. 2005 Mar 6;8(4):476–483. doi: 10.1038/nn1419

Figure 4.

Figure 4

The distributions of circadian periods of locomotor activity in mice (left) are similar to those of firing rate rhythms in SCN neurons (right) for the three genotypes. Although the average dominant periods (black bars) of Vip−/− and Vipr2−/− mutant mice were shorter than those of wild-type mice (P < 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Scheffé post hoc test), the average of all significant circadian periods (gray bars) was similar between genotypes (P > 0.7, Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA with Scheffé post hoc test). Similarly, the average periods of SCN neuronal rhythms did not change with genotype (P > 0.1, Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA). The distributions of all behavioral and firing rate periods were significantly broader in the mutant mice and neurons (P < 0.005 for behavior and P < 0.00005 for neurons, Brown-Forsythe's and Levene's tests for equal variance), indicating a loss of circadian synchrony.