Table 3.
Association of current smoking with baseline and progression of overall IMT and IMT components to never smokers*
| Baseline | Progression | |||||||
| Current smoker | Never smoker | Difference | p value | Current smoker | Never smoker | Difference | P value | |
| Women (N = 132) | ||||||||
| Intima-medial thickness(μm) | 679.7 ± 14.5 | 668.3 ± 10.6 | 11.3 ± 18.4 | 0.54 | 13.6 ± 3.1 | 10.3 ± 2.0 | 3.2 ± 3.7 | 0.38 |
| Echogenic layer (μm) | 375.0 ± 14.1 | 315.1 ± 10.3 | 59.9 ± 17.8 | 0.001 | -4.7 ± 4.4 | 7.7 ± 3.0 | -12.4 ± 5.3 | 0.02 |
| Echolucent layer (μm) | 316.0 ± 16.6 | 360.9 ± 12.1 | -44.8 ± 20.9 | 0.03 | 0.6 ± 3.3 | 11.2 ± 5.2 | -10.6 ± 6.1 | 0.09 |
| Men (N = 164) | ||||||||
| Intima-medial thickness(μm) | 743.8 ± 11.1 | 680.0 ± 10.3 | 63.8 ± 15.9 | <.0001 | 15.1 ± 2.3 | 11.1 ± 2.0 | 4.0 ± 3.2 | 0.22 |
| Echogenic layer (μm) | 389.3 ± 13.2 | 340.9 ± 12.8 | 48.4 ± 19.4 | 0.01 | 6.5 ± 4.0 | 8.3 ± 3.8 | -1.8 ± 5.8 | 0.76 |
| Echolucent layer (μm) | 360.3 ± 11.2 | 346.2 ± 11.0 | 14.1 ± 16.6 | 0.40 | 8.3 ± 4.4 | -0.2 ± 4.1 | 8.5 ± 6.3 | 0.18 |
*Data are presented as least-square mean ± standard error. The parameter estimates were obtained from individual growth models, adjusted for age, body height, and race/ethnicity.