Table 4.
Association of current smoking with baseline and progression of overall IMT and IMT components compared to former smokers*
| Baseline | Progression | |||||||
| Current smoker | Former Smoker | Difference | p value | Current smoker | Former smoker | Difference | P value | |
| Women (N = 89) | ||||||||
| Intima-medial thickness(μm) | 685.8 ± 38.4 | 687.2 ± 29.0 | -1.4 ± 24.3 | 0.95 | 6.8 ± 8.9 | 4.9 ± 7.1 | 1.9 ± 5.4 | 0.72 |
| Echogenic layer (μm) | 360.3 ± 34.6 | 301.6 ± 26.0 | 58.6 ± 22.2 | 0.01 | 1.6 ± 13.3 | 20.1 ± 10.3 | -18.5 ± 8.4 | 0.03 |
| Echolucent layer (μm) | 341.6 ± 38.9 | 391.6 ± 29.2 | -50.1 ± 24.9 | 0.048 | -6.1 ± 12.2 | -18.4 ± 9.4 | 12.3 ± 7.8 | 0.12 |
| Men (N = 143) | ||||||||
| Intima-medial thickness(μm) | 764.4 ± 33.3 | 718.2 ± 26.1 | 46.2 ± 18.6 | 0.01 | 10.0 ± 7.1 | 9.2 ± 5.6 | 0.8 ± 4.1 | 0.84 |
| Echogenic layer (μm) | 356.7 ± 37.3 | 314.4 ± 29.9 | 42.3 ± 21.1 | 0.047 | 16.9 ± 9.1 | 16.8 ± 7.5 | 0.1 ± 5.4 | 0.98 |
| Echolucent layer (μm) | 406.9 ± 27.8 | 404.3 ± 22.5 | 2.6 ± 15.8 | 0.87 | -6.7 ± 10.8 | -9.5 ± 8.8 | 2.8 ± 6.3 | 0.66 |
* Data are presented as least-square mean ± standard error. The parameter estimates were obtained from individual growth models among smokers, adjusted for age, body height, race/ethnicity, and cigarette pack-yrs.