Table 1.

Logistic binary regression of targeted/non-targeted (binary) redshank against three main variables. (Nagelkerke R²=0.52 (0.54 when only spacing is in the model). n=17 attacks and 34 observations; attack with flock size=2 excluded because spacing is identical for both birds.)

	B	s.e.	Wald	d.f.	p
spacing (bird lengths)	0.832	0.341	5.938	1	0.015
escape delay (s)	−0.442	1.023	0.187	1	0.666
hawk proximity	12.506	8.608	2.111	1	0.146
flock			6.564	16	0.981
constant	−4.311	2.597	2.756	1	0.097