Phase-contrast images of SD-MAPCs (A); SD-MAPCs treated for 6 days in serum-free medium with 5 ng/ml PDGF-BB (B), 2.5 ng/ml TGF-β1 (C), or 5 ng/ml PDGF-BB and 2.5 ng/ml TGF-β1 (D); or primary RAOSMCs (E). Morphology is representative of more than 10 independent experiments. Magnification, ×10. Phalloidin staining (A–E, insets; magnification, ×10) demonstrates that the stress fiber pattern of SD-MAPCs induced with TGF-β1 or TGF-β1 plus PDGF-BB is similar to that of primary RAOSMCs (E). (F) Cellular density on day 6 of SD-MAPC differentiation (P < 0.01; n = 4).