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. 2006 Nov 24;34(20):5815–5828. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkl703

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© 2006 The Author(s)

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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2DNAGE analysis of RIs in cells induced to overexpress TFAM-stop or treated with ddC. (a) Diagrammatic map of human mtDNA, nomenclature as for Figure 2a. (b–e) 2DNAGE of mtDNA from uninduced cells, cells induced to express TFAM-stop for 48 h or HEK293T cells treated with ddC for the indicated times (72 + 2 h meaning 72 h of treatment followed by 2 h of recovery in fresh medium). Restriction digests and probes as indicated. All samples were treated with S1 nuclease before electrophoresis. Nomenclature as for Figure 2. See Supplementary Figure 5 for diagrammatic interpretations. Exposure times vary, as needed to reveal the main features of arcs of RIs. Note the similar effects of TFAM overexpression and ddC treatment: general enhancement of S1 nuclease-resistant RIs, suppression of termination intermediates. Panel vi of part (c) is a longer exposure of panel v.

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