Table 1.
segment | coupled with | coupling main effect | frequency main effect | interaction | |
isodirectional association | hand unloaded | alone | |||
foot unloaded | F(2,18) = 0.32 | F(8,72) = 1.25 | F(16,144) = 1.20 | ||
foot loaded | p = 0.732 | p = 0.284 | p = 0.274 | ||
foot unloaded | alone | ||||
hand unloaded | F(2,18) = 1.80 | F(8,72) = 1.98 | F(16,144) = 1.19 | ||
hand loaded | p = 0.194 | p = 0.060 | p = 0.278 | ||
hand loaded | alone | F(1,9) = 1.61 | F(8,72) = 3.02 | F(8,72) = 1.02 | |
foot unloaded | p = 0.236 | p < 0.0055* | p = 0.426 | ||
foot loaded | alone | F(1,9) = 2.66 | F(8,72) = 7.13 | F(8,72) = 0.49 | |
hand unloaded | p = 0.137 | p < 0.000001* | p = 0.856 | ||
antidirectional association | hand unloaded | alone | |||
foot unloaded | F(2,18) = 0.16 | F(5,45) = 1.94 | F(10,90) = 0.68 | ||
foot loaded | p = 0.854 | p = 0.105 | p = 0.739 | ||
foot unloaded | alone | ||||
hand unloaded | F(2,18) = 2.17 | F(5,45) = 1.04 | F(10,90) = 0.96 | ||
hand loaded | p = 0.143 | p = 0.406 | p = 0.481 | ||
hand loaded | alone | F(1,9) = 1.71 | F(5,45) = 11.03 | F(5,45) = 1.06 | |
foot unloaded | p = 0.224 | p = 0.000001* | p = 0.394 | ||
foot loaded | alone | F(1,9) = 1.93 | F(5,45) = 8.06 | F(5,45) = 1.33 | |
hand unloaded | p = 0.198 | p = 0.00002* | p = 0.270 |
Two-way repeated measures ANOVA, 2 or 3 coupling modalities × 9 frequencies. Direction of movement association is indicated in col.1, moving segment in col.2 and coupling modality in col.3. Significant effects marked by asterisk. In all the configurations examined, the ANOVA test failed to reveal any significant effect of coupling on the clk-mov curves. The p values were very high in two configurations and much lower (0.137 <p < 0.236) in the others. It is worth noting, however, that in all the latter cases, the effect of coupling, even if not significant, was opposite to that expected, i.e. the lagging segment was phase-delayed or the leading segment was phase-advanced.