TABLE 1.

Effect of environmental factors on the survival of B. pseudomallei

Environmental factor	Condition	Duration of expt	Outcome
Triple-distilled watera	10 CFU/ml6	>3 yr	Rise to 108 CFU/ml after 1 mo then fall to 104 CFU/ml after 2 yr
Water contentb	0%	30 days	No later survival
	5%	40 days	No later survival
	10%	70 days	No later survival
	20%	439 days	No later survival
	40%	>726 days	Survival for expt duration
	80%	>726 days	Survival for expt duration
Tempb	0°C	<42 days	No later survival
	8°C	<190 days	No later survival
	16°C	<477 days	No later survival
	24 °C	>720 days	Survival for expt duration
	32°C	>720 days	Survival for expt duration
	40°C	<42 days	No later survival
	48°C	<12 days	No later survival
pH	2b	1 day	No later survival
	3b	7 days	No later survival
	4b	231 days	No later survival
	5-8b	>726 days	Survival for expt duration
	9b	26 days	No later survival
	10b	1 day	No later survival
	3.5-7.0c	24 h	7 log10 reduction in CFU/ml at pHs of <4.5
Chlorine	1 mg/literc	30 min	4 log10 reduction in CFU/ml
	0.5-4.0 mg/literd	0-60 min	1-6 log10 reduction (at pHs of 9 and 6, respectively)
	4 mg/liter (pH 6-9)d	Up to 30 min	7 log10 reduction in CFU/ml after 30 min
Chloraminec	1 mg/liter	24 h	2.5 log10 reduction in CFU/ml
	1 mg/liter	48 h	3 log10 reduction in CFU/ml
UV light (254 nm)	4.65 W/m2b	7.75 min	Shorter survival time than control bacteria
	44 J/m2c	NAe	1 log10 reduction in CFU/ml
	120 J/m2c		4 log10 reduction in CFU/ml

^aWuthiekanun et al., 1995 (88).

^bTong et al., 1996 (79).

^cHoward and Inglis, 2005 (25).

^dThomas and Forbes-Faulkner, 1981 (78).

^eNot applicable.