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V3 sequences of R5 viruses of different HIV-1 subtypes. Residues identified to be important for CCR5 utilization (∗) are numbered and marked. The two conserved cysteine residues are numbered on top (296 and 330). †, Parentheses indicate the genetic subtypes of HIV-1. The information was derived from refs. 6 and 13–16. For brevity, R5X4 viruses, which use both CCR5 and CXCR 4, have not been included.
