Figure 3.

Example of the dynamics of a community in which density dependence acts through total community density. The five-species community was simulated using a simple model, in which the dynamics of each species was generated by a simple recurrence relationship assuming linear density dependence. Annually, densities of each species were subject to a random perturbation (lognormally distributed with geometric mean and variance of 0 and 1, respectively). (a) The dynamics of the whole community. (b) The relationship between the population growth rate of each species and the total density of the community. (c) The relationship between the population growth rate and the intraspecific density for each species.